Who's On Board With The Copenhagen Accord?

January 31, 2010 marked the deadline for parties to the Copenhagen Accord to submit their respective plans for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. While the UNFCCC Secretariat has signaled this is not a hard deadline, the inclusion of this date, and countries' reaction to it, will provide an indication of whether the Copenhagen Accord can lead to a fair, ambitious and binding agreement to solve the climate crisis.   For more information or to comment on this page, please contact USCAN@usclimatenetwork.org. 141 countries, including the 27-member EU, are likely to or have engaged with the accord, representing 87.24% of global emissions1 8 countries will not engage with the accord, representing 2.09% of global emissions

Reported Reactions to the Copenhagen Accord (Quick Link: Will Engage; Will Not Engage; Yet To Respond)

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.	Country	Date	Reported Statements	Engagement with Accord	Reduction by 2020	Reduction Base Year	Reduction Type	On 1990 Scale (+/-)	Share of World's Total GHGs1	CO2 Emissions per capita (tCO2eq)1	Source
	Afghanistan	3/22 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.03%	0.5	UNFCCC
	Albania	1/26 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.02%	2.9	UNFCCC
	Algeria	3/9 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord	-	-		-	0.32%	4.2	UNFCCC
	Angola	6/17 2010	The Government of Angola has notified the UNFCCC of its support for the Copenhagen Accord.	SupportiveParty has indicated their support or endorsement of the Accord, but has not clearly indicated association	-	-		-	0.31%	8	UNFCCC
	Antigua & Barbuda	6/16 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	25%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-25%	0.00%	5.6	UNFCCC
	Argentina	2/15 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions.Read more Submitted a list of projects in seven areas, such as renewable energy, biofuels, and others to support mitigation.	Submitted actionsNon-Annex I parties that have submitted emission reduction actions, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	-	-		-	0.81%	9.0	UNFCCC
	Armenia	2/1 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.02%	2.4	UNFCCC
	Australia	1/27 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read more"We are today submitting our existing target range: 5% unconditional, with up to 15% and 25% both conditional on the extent of action by others," said Australian Climate Change Minister Penny Wong.	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the accord and submitted reduction targets	5 to 25%	2000	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-3.89% to -24.1%6	1.30%	27.4	UNFCCC
	Bahamas	2/1 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.01%	7.2	UNFCCC
	Bangladesh	1/25 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.33%	0.9	UNFCCC
	Barbados	4/22 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	5.7	UNFCCC
	Belarus	1/31 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read moreThe target is 5-10% below 1990 levels, premised on conditions such as access to Kyoto flexible mechanisms, technology transfer, capacity building, and others.	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the accord and submitted reduction targets	5 to 10%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-5 to -10%	0.19%	8.5	UNFCCC
	Belize	5/26 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	3.9	UNFCCC
	Benin	2/8 2010	The Government of Benin has the honor of notifying the UNFCCC of its support for the Copenhagen Accord.	SupportiveParty has indicated their support or endorsement of the Accord, but has not clearly indicated association	-	-		-	0.03%	1.4	UNFCCC
	Bhutan	2/5 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	2.6	UNFCCC
	Bosnia & Herzegovina	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.05%	5.2	UNFCCC
	Botswana	1/25 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.03%	6.4	UNFCCC
	Brazil	12/29 2009	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read moreBrazil submitted a list of voluntary domestic actions that are anticipated to acheive a reduction of 36.1% to 38.9% below the projected emissions of Brazil by 2020. This voluntary target is in line with a domestic law signed by President Lula in late December requiring a similar emissions cut.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	36.1 to 38.9%	N/A	Business As Usual (BAU). A commitment to reduce emissions from the most plausible projection of the future if climate-friendly actions were not taken.	+6.4 to +1.7%2	6.6%	15.3	UNFCCC
	Brunei Darusalam	6/1 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.03%	32.7	UNFCCC
	Burkina Faso	3/19 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.04%	1.3	UNFCCC
	Burundi	5/20 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.01%	.3	UNFCCC
	Cambodia	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.25%	7.7	UNFCCC
	Cameroon	6/8 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.25%	6.0	UNFCCC
	Canada	1/30 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read moreCanada submitted an emissions reduction target of 17% below 2005 levels, to be aligned with the final economy-wide emissions target of the United States.	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction targets	17%	2005	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	+0.25%8	1.86%	24.9	UNFCCC
	Cape Verde	5/20 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	1	UNFCCC
	Central African Republic	1/29 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions.Read more Submitted a list of projects in seven areas, such as renewable energy, biofuels, and others to support mitigation.	Submitted actionsNon-Annex I parties that have submitted emission reduction actions, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	-	-		-	0.14%	14.6	UNFCCC
	Chad	3/30 2010	The Government of Chad has of notified the UNFCCC of its support for the Copenhagen Accord.	SupportiveParty has indicated their support or endorsement of the Accord, but has not clearly indicated association	-	-		-	0.05%	2.1	UNFCCC
	Chile	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.19%	5.2	UNFCCC
	China	1/29 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions and a letter indicating association. Also submitted additional information saying "China highly commends and supports the Copenhagen Accord."Read moreChina, "will endeavor to lower its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40-45% by 2020 compared to the 2005 level, increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 15 percent by 2020 and increase forest coverage by 40 million hectares and forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic metres by 2020 from the 2005 levels."	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	40 to 45%	N/A	Carbon intensity. How much fossil fuels you have to burn to produce an economic unit. Reducing carbon intensity means a country's GDP will continue to rise without carbon emissions rising at the same rate due to greater energy efficiency and investment in greener technologies	See Note9	16.64%	5.5	UNFCCC
	Colombia	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.41%	4.1	UNFCCC
	Costa Rica	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read more"Costa Rica will implement 'Long term economy-wide transformational effort to enable carbon-neutrality' that will help the country to significantly deviate from business as usual GHG emissions," in a voluntary nature and subject to adequate financial assistance, technology transfer, and capacity development.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.02%	2.4	UNFCCC
	Côte d'Ivoire	2/12 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.07%	1.6	UNFCCC
	Croatia	2/1 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read more Target is temporary; upon accession of Croatia to the EU, the target "shall be replaced by arrangement in line with and part of the European Union mitigation effort."	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction targets	5%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-5%	0.07%	6.9	UNFCCC
	Democratic Republic of the Congo	1/30 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.62%	4.6	UNFCCC
	Djibouti	2/2 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	1.5	UNFCCC
	Eritrea	3/17 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.01%	0.9	UNFCCC
	Ethiopia	2/1 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions.Read more Submitted a list of projects in seven areas, such as renewable energy, biofuels, and others to support mitigation.	Submitted actionsNon-Annex I parties that have submitted emission reduction actions, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	-	-		-	0.17%	1.0	UNFCCC
	European Union (EU-27)	1/27 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read moreThe European Union has told the United Nations that it will stick to its pledge to cut carbon dioxide emissions by 20% by 2020 from 1990 levels. The EU also notified the U.N. of a "conditional offer to increase this cut to 30%, provided that other major emitters agree to take on their fair share of a global reduction effort."	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction targets	20% / 30%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-20% / -30%	11.69%	10.3	UNFCCC
	Fiji	1/30 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.01%	3.3	UNFCCC
	Gabon	2/22 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.03%	10.2	UNFCCC
	Gambia	2/14 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	0.9	UNFCCC
	Georgia	2/1 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Submitted actionsNon-Annex I parties that have submitted emission reduction actions, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	-	-		-	0.02%	2.0	UNFCCC
	Ghana	1/13 2010	Formally submitted letters to the United Nations indicating association. An additional letter described their actions.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.05%	1.0	UNFCCC
	Guatemala	2/5 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.21%	7.0	UNFCCC
	Guinea	3/19 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.04%	2.1	UNFCCC
	Guinea-Bissau	6/03 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	1.3	UNFCCC
	Guyana	2/12 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.01%	7.0	UNFCCC
	Honduras	7/1 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.15%	9.2	UNFCCC
	Iceland	1/27 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read moreIceland's emissions target is a 30% reduction below 1990 levels, in a joint effort with the EU, provided that other developed countries commit to comparable emissions reductions and that developing countries contribute adequately according to respective capabilities.	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction targets	30%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-30%	0.01%	11.0	UNFCCC
	India	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read moreIndia submitted a proposal to cut emission intensity by 20-25 percent by 2020, below 2005 levels. India may be listed in the chapeau of the Accord, with the understanding that it is an input into the ongoing two-track UN negotiation process.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	20% to 25%	2005	Carbon intensity. How much fossil fuels you have to burn to produce an economic unit. Reducing carbon intensity means a country's GDP will continue to rise without carbon emissions rising at the same rate due to greater energy efficiency and investment in greener technologies	See Note10	4.32%	1.7	UNFCCC
	Country	Date	Reported Statements	Engagement with Accord	Reduction by 2020	Reduction Base Year	Reduction Type	On 1990 Scale (+/-)	Share of World's Total GHGs1	CO2 Emissions per capita (tCO2eq)1	Source
	Indonesia	1/26 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read moreIndonesia submitted a list of seven voluntary mitigation actions to acheive an emissions reduction target of 26% below "Business As Usual" projections for 2020.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	26%	N/A	Business As Usual (BAU). A commitment to reduce emissions from the most plausible projection of the future if climate-friendly actions were not taken.	+22%5	4.73%	9.3	UNFCCC
	Israel	2/1 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read moreIsrael will "strive for target of 20% reduction of GHG emissions by 2020 below BAU." Associated with this goal are targets to reach 10% renewable energy for electricity generation and reduce electricity consumption by 20% by 2020.	Submitted actionsNon-Annex I parties that have submitted emission reduction actions, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	20%	N/A	Business As Usual (BAU). A commitment to reduce emissions from the most plausible projection of the future if climate-friendly actions were not taken.	+91.6%13	0.19%	11.8	UNFCCC
	Jamaica	4/7 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.03%	4.5	UNFCCC
	Japan	1/26 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read moreJapan reitered with the United Nations a goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions 25 percent below 1990 levels by 2020. Japan's commitment is made on the condition that all major emitters commit to ambitious targets.	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction targets	25%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-25%	3.14%	10.6	UNFCCC
	Jordan	2/1 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read moreJordan's actions are listed for six sectors, including transportation, energy, waste, and others.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.05%	4.2	UNFCCC
	Kazakhstan	2/1 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target.	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction targets	15%	1992	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-7.40%11	0.48%	13.6	UNFCCC
	Kenya	5/28 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.10%	1.2	UNFCCC
	Kiribati	2/26 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	0.5	UNFCCC
	Laos	2/15 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.04%	3.0	UNFCCC
	Lebanon	3/24 2010	Lebanon joins the sentiment of a number of Parties to endorse the Accord. .	SupportiveParty has indicated their support or endorsement of the Accord, but has not clearly indicated association	-	-		-	0.05%	4.9	UNFCCC
	Lesotho	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	0.8	UNFCCC
	Liberia	6/9 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	0.6	UNFCCC
	Liechtenstein	1/27 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read moreCommits to a 20% reduction below 1990 levels by 2020. If other developed countries agree to comparable reductions and emerging economies contribute according to their respective capabilities within the framework of a binding agreement, Liechtenstein will up the target to 30%.	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the accord and submitted reduction targets	20% / 30%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-20% / -30%	-	-	UNFCCC
	Macedonia	1/28 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read moreActions include GHG emissions reductions for electric power, energy transformation and heating, transport, waste, and agriculture and forestry.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.03%	5.5	UNFCCC
	Madagascar	1/25 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Submitted actionsNon-Annex I parties that have submitted emission reduction actions, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	-	-		-	0.07%	1.7	UNFCCC
	Malawi	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.02%	0.5	UNFCCC
	Maldives	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read moreMaldives has set a voluntary and unconditional action of acheiving carbon neutrality by 2020.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	100%	2009	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-100%	0.00%	2.5	UNFCCC
	Mali	1/22 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.05%	1.9	UNFCCC
	Marshall Islands	1/27 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read moreMarshall Islands aims for a 40% reduction of CO2 emissions below 2009 levels by 2020, subject to adequate international support.	Submitted actionsNon-Annex I parties that have submitted emission reduction actions, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	40%	2009	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-	-	-	UNFCCC
	Mauritania	2/22 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions.Read more Submitted a list of projects in seven areas, such as renewable energy, biofuels, and others to support mitigation.	Submitted actionsNon-Annex I parties that have submitted emission reduction actions, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	-	-		-	0.02%	3.0	UNFCCC
	Mauritius	6/16 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.01%	3.1	UNFCCC
	Mexico	1/31 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read moreMexico has adopted a set of nationally appropriate mitigation and adaptation actions known as the Special Climate Change Program in 2009 to acheive a reduction in total annual emissions of 51 Mt CO2e by 2012, with respect to the business as usual scenario. Mexico aims to reduce GHG emissions by 30% with respect to BAU by 2020, given adequate financial and technical support.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	30%	N/A	Business As Usual (BAU). A commitment to reduce emissions from the most plausible projection of the future if climate-friendly actions were not taken.	+19.8%12	1.58%	6.6	UNFCCC
	Moldova	2/1 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read moreMoldova aims for a reduction of "no less than 25% of the base year (1990) level total national GHG emissions have to be achieved by 2020."	Submitted actionsNon-Annex I parties that have submitted emission reduction actions, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	25%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-25%	0.03%	3.3	UNFCCC
	Monaco	2/5 2010	Expressed support for the Copenhagen Accord and submitted to UNFCCC an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read moreMonaco set a target of 30% below 1990 levels, to be achieved through the use of flexible mechanisms, such as CDM, with the goal of becoming carbon neutral by 2050.	Supportive with targetAnnex I party that has submitted emission reduction target and indicated their support or engangement with the Accord	30%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-30%	-	-	UNFCCC
	Mongolia	2/1 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.07%	11.9	UNFCCC
	Montenegro	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.15%	5.8	UNFCCC
	Morocco	2/1 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Submitted actionsNon-Annex I parties that have submitted emission reduction actions, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	-	-		-	0.14%	2.0	UNFCCC
	Mozambique	3/30 2010	The Government of Mozambique has notified the UNFCCC of its support for the Copenhagen Accord.	SupportiveParty has indicated their support or endorsement of the Accord, but has not clearly indicated association	-	-		-	0.06%	1.2	UNFCCC
	Namibia	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.03%	5.7	UNFCCC
	Nepal	1/31 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.09%	1.5	UNFCCC
	New Zealand	2/1 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read moreNew Zealand maintains a conditional target of 10 to 20% reductions below 1990 levels.	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction targets	10 to 20%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-10 to 20%	0.18%	19.1	UNFCCC
	Nigeria	5/28 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	1.05%	3.2	UNFCCC
	Norway	1/25 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association. Also submitted emissions target of 30-40% below 1990 levels.	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction targets	30 to 40%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-30 to -40%	0.12%	11.2	UNFCCC
	Palau	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	6.1	UNFCCC
	Panama	1/30 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.02%	3.3	UNFCCC
	Papua New Guinea	2/1 2010	Asked to be listed as "supportive" of the Copenhagen Accord.Read moreAlso submitted preliminary and conditional mitigation actions and adaptation investments, with six conditions needed for their support of the Accord.	Supportive with actionsParty has indicated their support or endorsement of the Acord and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions, but has not clearly indicated association	-	-		-	0.12%	8.7	UNFCCC
	Peru	6/23 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association. On June 23, 2010 a second letter was submitted with actions.	Associated with actionsParty has indicated their association with the Accord and submitted emissions reduction actions	-	-		-	0.34%	5.2	UNFCCC
	Country	Date	Reported Statements	Engagement with Accord	Reduction by 2020	Reduction Base Year	Reduction Type	On 1990 Scale (+/-)	Share of World's Total GHGs1	CO2 Emissions per capita (tCO2eq)1	Source
	Philippines	1/27 2010	The Philippines joins the sentiment of a number of Parties to endorse the Accord. The Philippine government has since solicited comments from stakeholders regarding their position regarding the Copenhagen Accord.	SupportiveParty has indicated their support or endorsement of the Accord, but has not clearly indicated association	-	-		-	0.48%	2.4	UNFCCC
	Republic of Congo	2/1 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Submitted actionsNon-Annex I parties that have submitted emission reduction actions, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	-	-		-	0.04%	4.9	UNFCCC
	Russian Federation	2/1 2010	Submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read moreTarget condional upon "An appropriate allowance for the Russian forests in the context of the contribution to the implementation of commitments to reduce anthropogenic emissions, and adoption of legally binding commitments to reduce anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases by all major emitters." Note: Russia did not include language to associate itself with the Accord.	Submitted targetAnnex I parties that have submitted emission reduction targets, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	15 to 25%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-15 to -25%	4.64%	14.0	UNFCCC
	Rwanda	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.01%	0.4	UNFCCC
	Samoa	1/20 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	1.8	UNFCCC
	San Marino	2/18 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	Associated with actionsParty has indicated their association with the Accord and submitted emissions reduction actions	-	-		-	-	-	UNFCCC
	Senegal	2/2 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.05%	1.9	UNFCCC
	Serbia	1/28 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.15%	5.8	UNFCCC
	Sierra Leone	2/1 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Submitted actionsNon-Annex I parties that have submitted emission reduction actions, but have not indicated their association with the Accord	-	-		-	0.01%	0.7	UNFCCC
	Singapore	1/12 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association. Read more"Singapore will commence to implement measures to reduce its carbon emissions," said Minister for the Environment and Water Resources Yaacob Ibrahim [Jan. 11]. But the cuts will not be the full 16 per cent below business as usual (BAU) levels by 2020 conditionally pledged previously. He noted that although the political deal – called the Copenhagen Accord – achieved is not perfect, “it provides a step in the direction of arriving at a global legally binding framework agreement to address climate change”	Associated with actionsParty has indicated their association with the Accord and submitted emissions reduction actions	7 to 11%	N/A	Business As Usual (BAU). A commitment to reduce emissions from the most plausible projection of the future if climate-friendly actions were not taken.	+124 to +115%7	0.11%	11.3	UNFCCC
	South Africa	1/5 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read more South Africa reiterates that it will take nationally appropriate mitigation action to enable a 34% reduction below the "Business As Usual" emissions growth trajectory by 2020, dependent on the provision of financial resources, the transfer of technology, and capacity building support.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	34%	N/A	Business As Usual (BAU). A commitment to reduce emissions from the most plausible projection of the future if climate-friendly actions were not taken.	+48.2%4	0.98%	9.0	UNFCCC
	South Korea	12/30 2009	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions. Read moreSouth Korea sets a goal to reduce national greenhouse gas emissions by 30% from the business as usual emissions by 2020.	Associated with actionsNon-Annex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	30%	N/A	Business As Usual (BAU). A commitment to reduce emissions from the most plausible projection of the future if climate-friendly actions were not taken.	+63.9%3	1.3%	11.8	UNFCCC
	Swaziland	1/28 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.01%	2.4	UNFCCC
	Switzerland	2/26 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read moreSwitzerland has a conditional offer to move to a 30% reduction below 1990 levels, provided other developed countries commit to comparable reductions.	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the accord and submitted reduction targets	20% / 30%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-20% / -30%	0.12%	7.2	UNFCCC
	Tajikistan	1/12 2011	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.02%	1.5	UNFCCC
	Tanzania	2/3 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.25%	2.8	UNFCCC
	Timor-Leste	5/28 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.05%	0	UNFCCC
	Togo	2/16 2010	Submitted to UNFCCC nationally appropriate mitigation actions.	Supportive with actionsParty has indicated their support or endorsement of the Acord and submitted nationally appropriate mitigation actions, but has not clearly indicated association	-	-		-	0.01%	1.0	UNFCCC
	Tonga	3/18 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	1.0	UNFCCC
	Trinidad & Tobago	1/28 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.08%	27.3	UNFCCC
	Tunisia	2/11 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	Associated with actionsParty has indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction actions	-	-		-	0.08%	3.3	UNFCCC
	Uganda	4/22 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.07%	1.1	UNFCCC
	Ukraine	4/21 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association (with numerous pre-conditions) and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read moreUkraine's preconditions include keeping Ukraine's status as a "country in transition," continue to use 1990 for calculating Parties commitments and keeping existing flexible mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol.	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the accord and submitted reduction targets	20%	1990	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-20%	1.14%	10.5	UNFCCC
	United Arab Emirates	2/14 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.36%	38.2	UNFCCC
	United States	1/28 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association and submitted an economy-wide emissions reduction target. Read moreThe United States submitted an emissions reduction target "in the range of 17%, in conformity with anticipated U.S. energy and climate legislation."	Associated with targetAnnex I parties that have indicated their association with the Accord and submitted reduction targets	17%	2005	Emission Reductions. A target which reduces a country's overall greenhouse gas emissions.	-3.67%8	15.78%	23.1	UNFCCC
	Uruguay	1/29 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating association.	AssociatedParty has indicated their association with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.10%	12.7	UNFCCC
	Vietnam	4/4 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating they will associate.	AssociatedParty has indicated they will associate with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.41%	2.1	UNFCCC
	Zambia	3/12 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating they will associate.	AssociatedParty has indicated they will associate with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.36%	13.4	UNFCCC
.	Country	Date	Reported Statements	Engagement with Accord	Reduction by 2020	Reduction Base Year	Reduction Type	On 1990 Scale (+/-)	Share of World's Total GHGs1	CO2 Emissions per capita (tCO2eq)1	Source
	Bolivia	5/14 2010	Submitted statement to UN indicating Bolivia will not associate itself with the accord.	Will not engageParties that have indicated they will not engage with the Accord (actions or association).	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.47%	22	Guardian14
	Cuba	1/19 2010	A UNFCCC spokesman stated Cuba will not sign on to the Copenhagen Accord.	Unlikely to engageParties that have publically indicated they will likely not engage with the Accord (actions or association).	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.09%	3.6	Bloomberg
	Cook Islands	3/12 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating they will not engage with the Accord at this time.	Will not EngageParty has indicated they will not engage with the Accord without submitting reduction actions	-	-		-	0.00%	3.2	UNFCCC
	Ecuador	1/31 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating Ecuador "will not join" the Copenhagen Accord.	Will not engageParties that have formally indicated they will not engage with the Accord (actions or association).	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.29%	9.8	UNFCCC
	Kuwait	1/31 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating Kuwait "will not associate itself with the accord."	Will not engageParties that have formally indicated they will not engage with the Accord (actions or association).	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.20%	34.8	UNFCCC
	Nauru	2/11 2010	Formally submitted letter to the United Nations indicating Nauru "will not to associate with the Accord at this time."	Will not engageParties that have formally indicated they will not engage with the Accord (actions or association).	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.00%	11.2	UNFCCC
	Tuvalu	5/11 2010	Media report indicates Tuvalu "will not to associate with the Accord at this time."	Will not engageParties that have indicated they will not engage with the Accord (actions or association).	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0.00%	-	Focus Taiwan
	Venezuela	5/27 2010	LCA submission states the Accord "cannot be used as a basis to reach a future legally binding agreement."'	Will not engageParties that have indicated they will not engage with the Accord (actions or association).	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	1.04%	16.9	UNFCCC14
	Country	Date	Reported Statements	Engagement with Accord	Reduction by 2020	Reduction Base Year	Reduction Type	On 1990 Scale (+/-)	Share of World's Total GHGs1	CO2 Emissions per capita (tCO2eq)1	Source

Yet To Respond

The following parties to the UNFCCC have yet to give any indication whether they will or will not engage with the Copenhagen Accord:

Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Comoros, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Grenada, Haiti, Iran, Iraq, Kyrgyzstan, Libya, Malaysia, Micronesia,  Myanmar, Nicaragua, Niger, Niue, Oman, Pakistan, Paraguay, Qatar, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Thailand, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zimbabwe.

Notes

1. World Resources Institute, Climate Analysis Indicator Tool (CAIT). 2005, includes land-use change & forestry.
2. 2020 BAU Projection: "Cenários para Oferta Brasileira de Mitigação de Emissões"
   Historic Emissions: "Brazilian Greenhouse Gas Emissions: The Importance of Agriculture and Livestock"
3. 2020 BAU Projection: U.S. EIA, International Energy Outlook 2009 & U.S. EPA, Global Anthropogenic Emissions of Non-CO₂ Greenhouse Gases 1990-2020
   Historic Emissions: WRI, CAIT. 1990, includes land-use change & forestry.
4. 2020 BAU Projection: South Africa Department of Environment Affairs and Tourism, Long Term Mitigation Scenarios
   Historic Emissions: WRI, CAIT. 1990, includes land-use change & forestry.
5. 2020 BAU Projection: The Jakarta Post, "Indonesia Needs Rp 83 Trillion to Meet Emission Cut Target," (12/29/09)
   Historic Emissions: WRI, CAIT. 1990, includes land-use change & forestry.
6. Historic Emissions: Australia National Greenhouse Gas Inventory. Includes land-use change & forestry.
7. 2020 BAU Projection: Eco-Business, "Singapore Leaders Pledge Carbon Cut," (12/3/09)
   See "True or False: Singapore to Reduce Carbon Emissions Growth by 16% from 2020 BAU Levels" for possible discrepancies in BAU projection
   Historic Emissions: WRI, CAIT. 1990, includes land-use change & forestry.
8. Historic Emissions: WRI, CAIT. 2005 & 1990, includes land-use change & forestry.
9. A carbon intensity reduction cannot accurately be represented in terms of reductions on a 1990 base year, due to wide variation in GDP projections. As shown by the Center for International Earth Science Information Network, the projected GDP for China in 2020 varies between 1.5 and 5.1 trillion US$. Using this data, China's intensity reduction pledge may represent anywhere from a 15% decrease to a 204% increase in emissions versus 1990 levels. This highlights the significant impact of economic growth when pledges are made relative to carbon intensity.
10. A carbon intensity reduction cannot accurately be represented in terms of reductions on a 1990 base year, due to wide variation in GDP projections. As shown by the Center for International Earth Science Information Network, the projected GDP for India in 2020 varies between 1.0 and 2.1 trillion US$. Using this data, India's intensity reduction pledge may represent anywhere from a 87 to 277% increase in emissions versus 1990 levels. This highlights the significant impact of economic growth when pledges are made relative to carbon intensity.
11. Historic Emissions: UNFCCC Greenhouse Gas Inventory. 1992 & 1990, includes land-use change & forestry.
    Note: Kazakhstan's target represents a 7.4% reduction from 1990 levels, but a 22.7% increase from 2005 levels, according to the UNFCCC GHG data.
12. Historic Emissions and 2020 BAU Projection: Mexico Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, "Programa Especial de Cambio Climático 2009-2012"
13. 2020 BAU Projection: Israel Ministry of the Environment, Israel Environment Bulletin vol. 35
    Historic Emissions: WRI, CAIT. 1990, includes land-use change & forestry.
14. Also confirmed through personal correspondence.